Assistant Professor
D. Muhammad Ayham Darwish
- Faculty Member
Multi-Velocity Ceiling Diffuser for Orthopedic Procedures or Ventilation: An Integrated CFD, Performance Assessment, and Surrogate Modeling Framework
Buildings13 - May - 2026
Operating room ventilation is a key engineering factor in maintaining clean air environments. This study presents an integrated three-part methodology combining Computational Fluid Dynamics parametric analysis, performance assessment with effect size analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis using quantitative engineering metrics, and surrogate modeling for thermal effect propagation in an orthopedic operating room.
Download FileLow-Voltage Blood Component Separation for Implantable Kidneys Using a Sawtooth Electrode and Negative Dielectrophoresis
applied sciences journal13 - March - 2026
Implantable artificial kidneys represent a promising alternative for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional dialysis through the integration of microfluidic and electrokinetic technologies.
Download FileBeyond Correlation: An Explainable AI Framework for Diagnosing the Contextual Drivers of Financial Inclusion on Universal Health Coverage in the Arab World
Computation16 - November - 2025
Universal Health Coverage (UHC) remains a core Sustainable Development Goal challenge for Arab nations, with structural inequalities and conflict ongoing in threatening equal access to health. Although literature concurs on the presence of a relationship between UHC and financial inclusion, contextual mechanisms underpinning this relationship remain poorly understood. This study offers an integrated Explainable AI (XAI)–Econometric methodology to unveil how financial inclusion—through digital as well as physical channels for services—drives UHC progress in 17 Arab nations (2011–2022)
Download FileBiotribological Wear Prediction of Alumina–Polymer Hip Prostheses Using Finite Element Analysis
Applied Mechanics25 - June - 2025
This study addresses this critical knowledge gap through the development of an integrated computational–statistical framework combining finite element analysis (FEA) and quantitative performance metrics to systematically evaluate alumina–UHMWPE and alumina–PEEK bearing couples. Building upon recent clinical wear analyses by Pierce et al. and fundamental tribological studies by Smith and Jones and Khan et al, our study introduces three key innovations: (1) the implementation of dynamic gait cycle loading to simulate physiological wear patterns, (2) the development of the Hip Corrosion Index (HCI) as a novel multi-parameter wear assessment metric, and (3) a comparative statistical analysis of wear distribution characteristics between material pairs.
Download FileA Comparative Study on Fuzzy Logic-Based Liquid Level Control Systems with Integrated Industrial Communication Technology
Computation2 - March - 2025
This study presents an advanced control system for liquid level regulation, comparing a traditional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller with a fuzzy logic controller. The system integrates a real-time monitoring and control interface, allowing flexible adjustments for research and training applications. Unlike the PID controller, which relies on predefined tuning parameters, the fuzzy logic controller dynamically adjusts control actions based on system behavior, making it more suitable for processes with non-linear dynamics.
Download FileCartilage Tissue and Knee Joint Biomechanics Fundamentals, Characterization and Modelling
Elsevier22 - April - 2024
Cartilage, Tissue and Knee Joint Biomechanics: Fundamentals, Characterization and Modelling is a cutting-edge multidisciplinary book specifically focused on modeling, characterization and related clinical aspects. The book takes a comprehensive approach towards mechanics, fundamentals, morphology and properties of Cartilage Tissue and Knee Joints. Leading researchers from health science, medical technologists, engineers, academics, government, and private research institutions across the globe have contributed to this book. This book is a very valuable resource for graduates and postgraduates, engineers and research scholars. The content also includes comprehensive real-world applications.
An Integrated Approach for Designing and Analyzing Lumbar Vertebral Biomodels with Artificial Disc Replacement
Biosensors1 - March - 2024
This study aims to develop an integrated approach for 3D lumbar vertebral biomodel design and analysis, specifically targeting unilevel disc degeneration and the replacement of lumbar artificial discs. Key objectives include improving existing design methods through 3D techniques, inverse modeling, and an engineering biomodel preparation protocol. Additionally, the study evaluates mechanical properties in the implantation area and between disc components to gauge the effectiveness of artificial discs in restoring functional movement within the studied biological model.
Download FileDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels owing to decreased insulin production or sensitivity. Current diagnostic approaches for gestational diabetes entail intrusive blood tests, which are painful and impractical for regular monitoring. Additionally, typical blood glucose monitoring systems are restricted in their measurement frequency and need finger pricks for blood samples. This research study focuses on the development of a non-invasive
Download FileDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood glucose levels owing to decreased insulin production or sensitivity. Current diagnostic approaches for gestational diabetes entail intrusive blood tests,
Download FileRecognizing Different Foot Deformities Using FSR Sensors by Static Classification of Neural Networks
Baghdad Science Journal28 - August - 2023
Sensing insole systems are a promising technology for various applications in healthcare and sports. They can provide valuable information about the foot pressure distribution and gait patterns of different individuals
Download FileNon-Invasive blood glucose monitoring using infrared (IR) light is considered to be a useful and reliable tool for measuring blood sugar levels during daily activities. IR-based glucose monitoring depends on the variant absorption levels of IR light waves by blood with high or low levels of glucose solution
Download FileBiomechanical Assessment of Endodontically Treated Molars Restored by Endocrowns Made from Different CAD/CAM Materials
Materials20 - March - 2023
The aim of this study was to evaluate the deflection and stress distribution in endodontically treated molars restored by endocrowns from different materials available for the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique using three-dimensional finite element analysis. The models represented extensively damaged molars restored by endocrowns from the following materials: translucent zirconia; zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic; lithium disilicate glass ceramic; polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and resin nanoceramic. Axial and oblique loadings were applied and the resulting stress distribution and deflection were analyzed.
Download FileNumerical Modeling of Renal Ionic Equilibrium for Implantable Kidney Applications
Baghdad Science Journal20 - March - 2023
The human kidney is one of the most important organs in the human body; it performs many functions and has a great impact on the work of the rest of the organs. Among the most important possible treatments is dialysis, which works as an external artificial kidney, and several studies have worked to enhance the mechanism of dialysate flow and improve the permeability of its membrane. This study introduces a new numerical model based on previous research discussing the variations in the concentrations of sodium, potassium, and urea in the extracellular area in the blood during hemodialysis. We simulated the differential equations related to mass transfer diffusion and we developed the model in MATLAB Simulink environment. A value of 700 was appeared to be the most appropriate as a mass transfer coefficient leading to the best permeability. The suggested models enabled to track the temporal variations of urine, K and Na concentrations in blood streamline.
Download FileInfluence of Inlays/Onlays and Their Material on Stress Distribution in Mandibular Molars: Finite Element Analysis
Journal of Stomatology13 - December - 2022
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of inlays/onlays and their material on stress distribution in mandibular molars with large cavities, using finite element analysis (FEA). Methods: 3D models of the first mandibular molar were created. Then, a mesio-occluso-distal cavity was created, and cusps were reduced (1.5 mm for buccal cusps and 1 mm for lingual cusps). The restorations were: inlay, onlay that covered buccal cusps (B models), and onlay that covered all cusps (LB models). Inlays and onlays were represented by two materials: nanofill composite resin and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN). Vertical load of 600 N was applied and von Mises stresses were calculated.
Download FileFatigue Loading Effect in Custom-Made All-on-4 Implants System: A 3D Finite Elements Analysis
Innovation and Research in BioMedical engineering21 - June - 2021
Objectives This study aims to evaluate the fatigue stress around custom-made all-on-4 implants system to find out which type of implants have a better performance under different graded multidirectional occlusal forces. Material and methods 3D normal and implanted models simulating the “All-on-4” concept were created and analyzed under three different conditions of occlusal loadings. Two types of static and fatigue were applied. Stress distribution was analyzed based on von Mises and Goodman theories in ANSYS environment in addition to the safety factor. Statistical tests were performed to assess the significance of the results as well as the reproducibility of the results.
Download FileBiomechanical Assessment of the Influence of Inlay/Onlay Design and Material on Stress Distribution in Nonvital Molars
European Journal of General Dentistry12 - January - 2021
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of inlays/onlays with or without pulp extension from different materials on stress distribution in endodontically treated molars by three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA).
Download FileBiomechanical assessment of orbital fractures using patient-specific models and clinical matching
Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery30 - December - 2020
Orbital wall fractures consider one of the most common fractures in the maxillofacial trauma. These fractures caused by two mechanisms, the buckling mechanism and hydraulic mechanism. This study aims to compare between the two mechanisms in terms of intensity and extension using the finite elements method. Material and methods Three-dimensional model of the skull was generated using computed tomography data of young male patient. Virtual loads were applied on the eyeball and the infra-orbital rim separately. Von Mises stresses were examined in each simulation. Results The simulation predicted fractures on the infra-orbital rim and orbital floor when simulating the hydraulic mechanism, and on the orbital floor and mesial wall when simulating the buckling mechanism.
Download FileBio-Numerical Analysis of the Human Ankle-Foot Model Corresponding to Neutral Standing Condition
National Center for Biotechnology Information12 - October - 2020
The foot is the most complex body’s structure; it is highly susceptible to disorders because of its loading pattern. The complexity of the foot structure geometry implies the use of reverse engineering tools to obtain a model that can accurately mimic the biomechanical behavior of the foot.
Download FileNumerical study of the influence of ultra-thin veneer materials and its thickness on their biomechanical behavior.
Biomedical Research7 - November - 2019
This study investigated the influence of ultra-thin veneer materials and its thickness on their biomechanical behavior using the 3D finite element method to find out which of all these models have a better performance. The distribution of stresses in the models was studied when composite resin and feldspathic porcelain were used in ultra-thin veneers with thickness of 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm under static loads.
Comparison of several digital techniques for electroencephalography processing.
Biomedical Research23 - October - 2019
Most biological signals, whether they are muscle signals, brain signals or voice commands, are random and unending in their initial form. They are processed and filtered from the noise in the first stage and then classified, analyzed and extracted the required features of it in the second stage. In this study, the brain signals of a healthy person were captured according to a clinical protocol prepared for the purpose of the study, which is two consecutive blinks separated by 5 seconds rest and then a set of digital filters were used to analyze and classify these signals in order to obtain control from them.
Effect of Coating Materials on the Fatigue Behavior of Hip Implants: A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics16 - August - 2019
This study aimed to validate, using finite element analysis (FEA), the design concept by comparing the fatigue behavior of hip implant stems coated with composite (carbon/PEEK) and polymeric (PEEK) coating materials corresponding to different human activities: standing up, normal walking and climbing stairs under dynamic loadings to find out which of all these models have a better performance in the prosthesis-bone systems. A 3D finite element models of hip implants, femur, coating layers with polymeric (PEEK) and composite (carbon/PEEK) coating materials were created for FEA
Download FileCOMPUTERIZED DESIGN OF TRANSFEMORAL SOCKETS A LITERATURE REVIEW
Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science7 - September - 2017
The Syrian crisis threw its weight on all aspects of social, economic and followed by a parallel rise in the census number of amputations in the upper and lower extremities, which imposed a great interest on the design and of the prostheses. On the other hand, the prostheses design and manufacturing should be achieved according to scientific and academic bases in order to ensure their effectiveness and suitability to the requirements of the patient. For this reason, this study was suggested to summarize previous works for all topics related to the design and manufacturing of lower prosthetics, starting from obtaining the digital model of the stump, passing through the most important principles used to suspend an artificial limb, and finally a summary of the methods used to test the designed parts before their fabrication.
Finite element analysis of stress distribution on the mandible and condylar fracture osteosynthesis during various clenching tasks
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery16 - March - 2017
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of clenching tasks on the stress and strain of condylar osteosynthesis screws and plates, as well as on the stress, strain distribution and displacement on the whole mandible and bone surrounding screws.
Assessment of sagittal split ramus osteotomy rigid internal fixation techniques using a finite element method
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology6 - February - 2015
In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) was used to evaluate nine rigid internal fixation techniques for sagittal split ramus osteotomy. To achieve this, a computed tomography (CT) scan of a healthy patient was obtained and used to generate the geometry of a half-mandible.
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